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Sterile activation of RNA-sensing pathways in autoimmunity
Jiaxin Li1,† , Junyan Zhu1,† , Hui Yang2,3,* , Fajian Hou1,4,*
1Key Laboratory of RNA Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
2Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
3Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
4Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
†These authors contributed equally to this work
*Correspondence to:Fajian Hou , Email:fhou@sibcb.ac.cn Hui Yang , Email:hui_yang@fudan.edu.cn
J Mol Cell Biol, Volume 16, Issue 7, July 2024, mjae029,  https://doi.org/10.1093/jmcb/mjae029
Keyword: innate immune responses, RNA sensors, endogenous RNAs, autoimmunity

RNA-sensing pathways play a pivotal role in host defense against pathogenic infections to maintain cellular homeostasis. However, in the absence of infection, certain endogenous RNAs can serve as the activators of RNA-sensing pathways as well. The inappropriate activation of RNA-sensing pathways by self-ligands leads to systemic inflammation and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarize current findings on the sterile activation of RNA sensors, as well as its implications in autoimmunity, inflammatory diseases, and therapeutics.


Volume 16, Issue 7
July 2024